LO 1: Features and Settings of Camera Equipment
Shutter Speed:
- How fast or slow the shutters open.
- The higher the shutter speed to faster the shutters will open and close.
- The lower the shutter speed the slower the shutters will open and close.
- Higher shutter speeds allow for faster movements to be captured more clearly e.g. a stream of water will be captured clearer with a higher shutter speed.
Aperture:
- This controls how much light is let in the lens.
- The lower the aperture f-stop the more light that will be let in.
- Having a lower f-stop means more light will be let into the lens. In turn you will need a higher shutter speed as to not over expose the image and make it too bright. The high shutter speed with make the shutters open and close quickly letting less light in.
- Lower f-stops also creates a shallower depth of field (the foreground in focus with the background out of focus).
- Higher f-stops create a deeper depth of field (the foreground and background both in focus).
ISO:
- The cameras sensitivity to light.
- While having a higher ISO adds more light to an image, every increment of ISO you use worsens the image. It will add more grain to the picture and create 'noise' on the image.
Different cameras and lenses will affect each of the settings differently. Some lenses can let in more light and reach lower f-stops. Some lenses can have faster and slower shutter speeds. Certain cameras can be more sensitive to light and reach higher ISO's without creating grainy/ noisy images.
White Balance:
- White balance is you camera compensating for different lighting situations. If you are filming inside and your scene is looking very orange you can use white balance to add more cool light to reduce the orange tones.
- You can select different setting based on your environment. For example, if you are shooting in a cloudy overcast environment you can use the cloudy setting in the white balance to counter this and add warmth to the image. If you are filming indoors with warm lighting you can use the tungsten light setting to add more cool tones to the image.
- You can also use the Kelvin setting to customise the cool and warm notes.
RAW and JPEG Shooting:
RAW footage is an uncompressed file that is much better quality than JPEGS. A JPEG file is compressed and therefore loses quality when it is being edited. RAW files do however take up more storage but in turn you get a significantly better product.
Camera Lenses:
The standard camera lens that comes with a canon camera is an 18-55mm. This means it can zoom out to 18 mm and zoom into 55mm. It also has an F-stop of 3.5 (the lower the f-stop means to more light it can let in and the shallower the depth of field).
Other lenses that are commonly used are:
16-35mm: This is a wide angle lens. It allows the user to get a wide view and can be used for landscapes and photos that need to capture a lot of subjects.
50mm: This lens can't be zoomed as it is at a fixed mm. They usually however have a very low aperture, on the Canon 50mm STM lens it can go as low as 1.8f meaning it can shoot in low light extremely well and will get good depth of field. Buy Canon EF 50mm f/1.8 STM Lens — Canon UK Store
75-300mm: This lens will allow you to zoom into 300mm meaning you can get extreme close ups of objects. You will most likely need a tripod however as the further you zoom in the more shaky the footage/ photo will be.
I will show this information in a video form. I will use studio 2 to set up a camera over the black background. I will use graphics to annotate the different parts of the camera and explain what they will do. I could then give a visual representation of the difference using different settings makes. For example a before shot with the settings the wrong settings and then an after shot with the correct settings showing the difference between the two.
Video Link:
Camera Settings:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Xe1jEHv2sM
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